Application of materials:
- Stainless steel 304 (1.4301) – basic stainless steel with good corrosion resistance in neutral environments, e.g. in contact with water, oils or alcohol. It is not resistant to chlorides (e.g. seawater) and strong acids.
- Stainless steel 316L (1.4404) – contains molybdenum, which increases resistance to corrosion in aggressive environments, e.g. in contact with sea water, acids or industrial sewage.
- Brass – copper and zinc alloy, resistant to corrosion in dry conditions and in contact with oils and fuels. Not resistant to ammonia and strongly acidic environments.
- Bronze – an alloy of copper and tin with good corrosion resistance in contact with water and oils. It is used in marine environments, but is not suitable for work with aggressive chemicals.
- Monel 400 – nickel and copper alloy with excellent corrosion resistance in seawater, organic acids and aggressive gases such as ammonia. Used in the chemical and marine industries.
- Titanium – a material with exceptional resistance to corrosion in seawater, acids and strong bases. Used where extremely high strength and chemical parameters are required.
- Hastelloy C-276 – an alloy of nickel, molybdenum and chromium, resistant to strong acids (e.g. sulfuric, hydrochloric, nitric), sea water and high temperatures. Used in the chemical industry.
- PTFE / PFA (teflon) – fluoropolymer materials with the highest chemical resistance, used as protective coatings or membrane separators for the most aggressive substances.
| Working medium | Steel 304 | Steel 316L | Brass | Bronze | Monel 400 | Titanium | Hastelloy C-276 | PTFE / PFA |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Water (clean, industrial) | ✔ | ✔ | ✔ | ✔ | ✔ | ✔ | ✔ | ✔ |
| Sea water | ✘ | ⚠ | ✘ | ✘ | ✔ | ✔ | ✔ | ✔ |
| Water vapor (saturated) | ✔ | ✔ | ⚠ | ✘ | ✔ | ✔ | ✔ | ✔ |
| Mineral oils | ✔ | ✔ | ✔ | ✔ | ✔ | ✔ | ✔ | ✔ |
| Gasoline | ✔ | ✔ | ✔ | ✔ | ✔ | ✔ | ✔ | ✔ |
| Acids (e.g. sulfuric, hydrochloric) | ✘ | ⚠ | ✘ | ✘ | ✔ | ✔ | ✔ | ✔ |
| Ammonia | ✘ | ✘ | ✘ | ✘ | ✔ | ✔ | ✔ | ✔ |
| Oxygen (gas, liquid) | ✔* | ✔* | ✘ | ✘ | ✔ | ✔ | ✔ | ✔ |
Legend:
✔ – Full compatibility – the material is fully resistant to the substance.
⚠ – Limited resistance – the material can be used, but requires additional protection (e.g. protective coating, membrane separator) or its resistance depends on the concentration, temperature and exposure time.
✘ - Unsuitable material – the material is quickly damaged or corroded, it is not suitable for this medium.
* In the case of oxygen, materials must be properly cleaned and free from organic contaminants.
✔ – Full compatibility – the material is fully resistant to the substance.
⚠ – Limited resistance – the material can be used, but requires additional protection (e.g. protective coating, membrane separator) or its resistance depends on the concentration, temperature and exposure time.
✘ - Unsuitable material – the material is quickly damaged or corroded, it is not suitable for this medium.
* In the case of oxygen, materials must be properly cleaned and free from organic contaminants.